Big brother in law

On the last day of this year 31st december shall cease to have effect, the act on amendments to the law "On supervision over the activities of foreign intelligence services" (foreign intelligence surveillance act – fisa), passed in 2008 during the reign of president george w. Bush. In the national press as it is sometimes called the "Fisa act". The question of the validity of the law on these amendments and, above all, article 702 was discussed on 7 june at the hearings held before the special committee on intelligence U.S.

Senate and the intelligence committee (cu). Transformation of legal framework of action specslujbi the early 1970's, the unpopularity of the vietnam war and the deployment of the watergate case broke the period of minimal supervision of the parliament of the United States over the activities of U.S. Intelligence. Congress adopted the decision on establishing control over the activities of the administration of president richard nixon and clarify the extent of participation of the federal intelligence agencies in questionable or illegal operations. After appearing in the press information about the activities of the intelligence services raised a wave of revelations of their illegal actions. In january 1970 came the revelations of christopher pyle on surveillance, the intelligence agencies of the U.S.

Armed forces over civilians. 22 december 1974 The New York Times has published a lengthy article by journalist seymour hersh detailed description of some of the operations of the cia. The american public was first presented data about the secret programs of the office, including attempted assassinations of foreign leaders and overthrow foreign governments. In addition, the article said about the operations of intelligence services to gather information about the political activities of us citizens. After these publications many of the commission and the relevant committees of both chambers of the american parliament conducted a special investigation.

One of the most effective tools for measuring intelligence activities was the church commission. In 1975 and 1976, the commission published 14 reports on the intelligence services of the United States, their operations, suspected violations of the law and is concentrated in the hands of the authorities, and formulated recommendations for reform, some of which were implemented. Its report is still considered the most comprehensive review of american intelligence activities ever made available to the public. Most of the contents of these reports are classified.

However, in accordance with the law "On collection of documents about the murder of president kennedy" from 1992 with more than 50 thousand pages of these documents the signature stamp was removed, and they became available to the american public. The recommendations of the commission of the church gave impetus to the adoption of the law fisa and the creation of a special federal court to oversee the activities of foreign intelligence (fisc). This court exercises control over the implementation of federal intelligence agencies the legal requirements for the organization and implementation of covert surveillance of suspected agents of foreign intelligence services in the USA and obtaining information outside of america. The enactment of the fisa act was initiated by senator ted kennedy may 18, 1977. This law was supported by nine senators. After final adjustments and adoption by congress of this law in october 1978, he was appointed by president jimmy carter.

It took into account the recommendations of almost all committees and commissions engaged in the investigations of operations of the intelligence community of the United States. The fisa law was passed with the goal of creating a system of judicial and parliamentary control of secret government surveillance of special services for foreign organizations and individuals in the U.S. And the secrecy of the investigation in order to ensure national security. He gave the right to the appropriate bodies to carry out on the territory of the USA surveillance in the course of one year without a court order if "The observation result is recorded, the content of any messages addressed to or sent by U.S. Persons".

The number of such persons include U.S. Citizens, aliens with a permanent residence permit, public organizations, most of which are citizens of the United States and created in United States corporations with foreign roots. However surveillance of U.S. Citizens requires a court order not later than three days after it began. After the attacks of 11 september 2001, the regulatory framework of the activities of us intelligence has been repeatedly modified and supplemented.

In early october of this year, president george w. Bush enacts the program of unauthorized surveillance in the country, under the auspices of the national security agency (nsa). In accordance with this program, the agency received the right to conduct surveillance of their fellow citizens and foreigners without the sanction of the federal court's oversight of foreign intelligence. The program allowed the nsa specialists without obtaining a special warrant to tap telephones and read e-mail boxes of inhabitants of the United States and other countries in the event of suspicion of them having links with terrorists. At the end of october the us congress approved and the president approved the law, which received the short name "Patriot act" (patriot act).

This law significantly expanded the rights of the federal bureau of investigation (fbi) in conducting electronic surveillance of his charges and gave the right of interception of telephone conversations by the nsa professionals. The full title of the act reads as follows: "Act "The uniting and strengthening america by providing appropriate tools required to intercept and obstruct and obstruct terrorism" 2001". In march 2006 president bush signs new version of patriot act. There are provisions for death penalty for terrorists, enhancing security measures at airports, new measures to combat the financing of terrorism, as well as new powers for the secret service. This law was prolonged several times.

1 june 2015 it lost power and almost immediately was replaced by a new law entitled "Act on the freedom of the United States," according to which us intelligence agencies, especially the nsa, have lost the right to freely conduct surveillance without a court order. It should be recalled that in mid-2013 in the american press there the facts about the massive nsa surveillance over U.S. Citizens and other countries. They opened to the public former cia and nsa edward snowden. This caused a wave of indignation most of the population.

But, no matter what laws the nsa still continues to implement the global interception of telephone conversations of americans and foreigners. This follows from published on may 2 this year the annual report of the director of national intelligence (dni) daniel coates of transparency of the security services, which provides various statistical data. According to specialists of management of the dnr, last year the nsa received from the operators and kept in their databases data on more than 151 million phone calls. In mid-july 2008, the senate adopted the law "On amendments to fisa" (fisa amendments act), which is another four years extended the government's authority to conduct global surveillance and wiretapping. Telephone companies and internet service providers, participating in the process, got right to the unaccountability of the federal special authorities.

The effect of these amendments is also several times renewed. In december 2012 this law was extended for another five years. And now on the agenda of the white house and congress had a question about removal of any restrictions for the period applicable. We are talking mainly about the article 702 of the law allowing intelligence agencies to monitor internet contacts and compatriots and foreigners suspected of terrorist activities. However, i must say that the electronic surveillance is conducted not only in the United States.

System, to some extent, similar to the prism, are found in France, switzerland, India and russia. Intelligence agencies can and gottaviani of the us president on internal security and counter-terrorism tom bossart wrote in The New York Times that the administration of Donald Trump offered to give the status of permanent action section 702 of the law "On amendments fisa". This section allows U.S. Intelligence agencies to monitor internet usage in order of when all the aliens outside the United States. According to a white house statement, these actions affect only those foreign citizens, the sanction to the observation that gave the court oversight over the activities of foreign intelligence. As reported by some media, by 2017, the court, the composition of which is unknown, issued the corresponding warrants of approximately 40 thousand requests of intelligence services to conduct surveillance of suspects. As reported by bossart, june 6 republican senator tom cotton have invited the senate to consider draft law on the introduction of the permanent action of this article.

"The Trump course supports his project," he wrote. According to the advisor, the powers granted to intelligence agencies today, in the new edition of this article, shall be interpreted as broadly as it is now, as it allows you to keep track of all without exception. As noted bossart, president barack obama nsa more widely used their privileges to obtain information about contacts on the internet of the objects of observation of the security services. He also stressed that the powers the nsa should be narrowed and his assistants will monitor only those individuals and watching them been forMalized. As already mentioned, the cd members on the eve of the draft law, presented by cotton, and a group of several senators hawkish mood, including the chairman of the senate committee on armed forces John McCain, decided to hear the dnr daniel coates, director of the nsa michael rogers, deputy attorney general of the USA kind of rosenstein and acting director of the fbi's andrew mccabe. In a specially prepared joint statement, these experts examined all aspects of the operation of article 702 of the law "On amendments to fisa" and unanimously voted to make it indefinite. Daniel coates.